• References;   Consider whether a theft of funds has taken place in the following scenario: Hackers using malware trigger an electronic transfer of million of dollars from a bank in New York to an account in the Philippines Under English law on theft (Theft Act 1968 s4) property that is capable of being stolen for

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  • Should the use of torture be reserved for the most extreme cases involving suspected terrorists?  Perhaps if one probes deeper into the underlying reasons for the use of torture by nations against, for instance, detainees in Guantanamo, one discovers a risk and security culture that offers a meta-narrative of what is perceived by state powers to

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  • East West Street ON THE ORIGINS OF “GENOCIDE” AND “CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY” By PHILIPPE SANDS     Music of the Ghosts by Vaddey Ratner    Night by Elie Wiesel      Denial: Holocaust History on Trial by  Deborah E. Lipstadt        International Human Rights by Philip Alston and Ryan Goodman        

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  • Are Human Rights Western Centric? I wonder if  nation states that claim a relativist stance on human rights that takes into account specific cultural practices in its formulation of rights are blind sighted by the need to adhere to existing religious, cultural and traditional norms for the sake of maintaining the kind of organic solidarity and

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  • Τhe question of what is ‘universality’ in the context of human rights is a gripping one. The spirit of inclusiveness and universality permeates the wording of the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The fact that the preamble to the Declaration gives recognition to the inherent dignity and inalienable rights of all members

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  • Tensions that remain inherent in recognizing Women’s Rights.  The French feminist writer, Simone de Beauvoir (1908-1986) writes about the  perceptions of women, their role and significance in society. In her work,’The Second Sex (1949), she argues that: “One is not born, but rather becomes a woman. No biological, psychological or economic fate determines the figure that the

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  • Are Human Rights Truly Universal?

      The question of whether human rights are truly universal is especially thought provoking. In relation to the protection of human rights of individuals and groups, one could perhaps consider the relevance  of natural law as described by the academic Chris Brown,as a set of moral standards which he argues ‘must underlie all genuinely universal approaches to human

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  • ASEAN’s apathetic response to the the atrocities against civilians in Myanmar:

      The doctrine of R2P (Responsibility To Protect) The crux of the debate ever since the emergence of the R2P doctrine following  the publication of the ICISS (the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty) in 2001 and the adoption of the norm R2P norm by the UN in 2005 (globalr2p.org) involves the tension that

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